https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114983 2026-04-08T21:28:32Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/131087 A Four-day Workweek: a Policy for Improving Employment and Environmental Conditions in Europe Ashford, Nicholas A.; Kallis, Giorgos 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/131085 Friday off’: Reducing Working hours in Europe Kallis, Giorgos; Kalush, Michael; Hugh, O'Flynn; Rossiter, Jack; Ashford, Nicholas A. This article explores the pros and cons for reducing working hours in Europe. To arrive to an informed judgment we review critically the theoretical and empirical literature, mostly from economics, concerning the relation between working hours on the one hand, and productivity, employment, quality of life, and the environment, on the other. We adopt a binary economics distinction between capital and labor productiveness, and are concerned with how working hours may be reduced without harming the earning capacity of workers. There are reasons to believe that reducing working hours may absorb some unemployment, especially in the short-run, even if less than what is advocated by proponents of the proposal. Further, there may well be strong benefits for the quality of peoples’ lives. Environmental benefits are likely but depend crucially on complementary policies or social conditions that will ensure that the time liberated will not be directed to resource-intensive or environmentally harmful consumption. It is questionable whether reduced working hours are sustainable in the long-term given resource limits and climate change. We conclude that while the results of reducing working hours are uncertain, this may be a risk worth taking, especially as an interim measure that may relieve unemployment while other necessary structural changes are instituted. 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/131083 Addressing the Crisis in Employment and Consumer Demand: Reconciliation with Financial and Environmental Sustainability Ashford, Nicholas A.; Hall, Ralph; Ashford, Robert 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/130873 Changes and Opportunities in the Environment for Technology Bargaining Ashford, Nicholas A.; Ayers, Christine 1987-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/130645 Unsafe Working Conditions: Employee Rights Under LMRA and OSHA Ashford, Nicholas A.; Katz, Judith I. 1977-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127666 Creating Ethical Engineers Ashford, Nicholas A. 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121590 Professor Nicholas Ashford Interview at the ILO Conference on the Future of Work 8-10 July 2019 Geneva Nicholas, Ashford 2019-07-10T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/116847 Worker Compensation for Radiation-Induced Illness: A Re-examination of Past Practices and Options for Change, A Report to the Department of Energy Ashford, Nicholas A.; Caldart, C.; Hattis, D.; Stone, R. 1996-07-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/116845 The Role of Insurance and Financial Responsibility Requirements in Preventing and Compensating Damage from Environmental Risks Ashford, Nicholas A.; Moran, S.; Stone, R. 1989-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/116777 Workers' Compensation Rom (ed.), W. N.; Ashford, Nicholas A. 1998-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115850 Dealing with Uncertainty Class Discussion on Cost Benefit Analysis and the Precautionary Principle Ashford, Nicholas A.; Susskind, Lawrence 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115849 Nicholas Ashford MIT Interview Ashford, Nicholas A. 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z