Influence of Proton Irradiation on Corrosion in Liquid Lead

Abstract

The next-generation Gen IV nuclear reactors are designed to operate under increasingly challenging environments, aiming for higher thermal efficiency while adhering to strict physical and safety constraints. These harsh conditions, characterized by elevated temperatures and accelerated corrosion rates, coupled with the presence of high radiation damage rates, necessitate a thorough understanding of the complex interaction between radiation and corrosion. However, experiments that incorporate radiation into the corrosion evaluation of structural materials, particularly in liquid metal environments, are scarce and challenging to conduct. To address this research gap, we have developed a unique experimental apparatus that enables simultaneous irradiation and corrosion testing using proton beams as the radiation source. In this setup, a foil sample is exposed to liquid lead on one side, while protons are directed from the opposite side, resulting in a central region within the foil that experiences both irradiation and liquid lead corrosion. By comparing the behavior of this central region with the surrounding areas, we can observe the specific effects introduced by the additional proton beam on the corrosion process. This facility provides valuable insights into the rates and mechanisms of radiation-altered corrosion in lead and lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) environments, ultimately contributing to improved material selection, design optimization, and enhanced corrosion resistance in nextgeneration reactor systems.