Differential Effects of Pharmacologic and Mechanical Support on Right-Left Ventricular Coupling

Abstract

Background Percutaneous ventricular assist devices are increasingly relied on to maintain perfusion for cardiogenic shock patients. Optimal medical management strategies however remain uncertain from limited understanding of interventricular effects. This study analyzed the effects of pharmacologic and left-sided mechanical support on right ventricular function. Methods A porcine model was developed to assess biventricular function during bolus pharmacologic administration before and after left-sided percutaneous ventricular assist and in cardiogenic shock. Results The presence of mechanical support increased right ventricular load and stress with respect to the left ventricle. This shifted and exaggerated the relative effects of commonly used vasoactive agents. Furthermore, induction of cardiogenic shock led to differential pulmonary vascular and right ventricular responses. Conclusions Left ventricular ischemia and mechanical support altered interventricular coupling. Resulting impacts of pharmacologic agents indicate differential right heart responses and sensitivity to treatments and the need for further study to optimize biventricular function in shock patients. Graphical Abstract